Peter H. Clark, the Nation's Primary Black Public-School Educator

Learn About Peter H. Clark.

Peter Humphries Clark became the first Black socialist to run for Congress in the United States in 1878. A dedicated abolitionist, Clark aided escaped slaves and free Blacks accused of being runaways. Serving as secretary of the 1853 National Convention of Colored Men, Clark drafted the constitution for the National Equal Rights League. Work as a conductor for the Underground Railroad also became part of Clark’s efforts. As the first teacher in Cincinnati’s Black school, Clark was terminated by the white Board of Education in 1853.

Born in Cincinnati to a barber who could afford private schooling at Gilmore High School, Clark briefly managed a barbershop after the death of a parent in 1849. The Ohio legislature later authorized Black schools, largely due to efforts by John Isom Gaines. A lifelong commitment to education and racial equality defined Clark’s legacy.ad.

Peter H. Clark’s Personal Life

In 1854, Clark married Francis Ann Williams and worked as a journalist until Black trustees of the colored school rehired Clark as principal of the Western District School in 1857. While in Cincinnati, founding a union for Black teachers became part of Clark’s efforts. At some point, he also earned a master’s (A.M.) degree from Wilberforce University.

Clark became principal of Gaines High School in 1866, a post held for 20 years until being fired on political grounds. Clark left Cincinnati in 1887 to serve as principal of the Alabama State Normal and Industrial School, and in 1888, went to St. Louis to teach at the segregated Sumner High School for the next twenty years.

Clark Montessori School

Peter and Francis had three children: daughters Ernestine and Consuelo and son Herbert. Clark’s legacy is among Ohio’s most influential Black abolitionist writers and speakers.

Clark’s ccomplishments earned him the title of the nation’s primary Black public school educator. He is also the namesake of the Clark Montessori School in Hyde Park.

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About The First 28

The First 28, graciously sponsored by the Greater Cincinnati Foundation, celebrates Black Cincinnatians who were the first in their fields. Each day during Black History Month, we will celebrate athletes, artists, business leaders, civil rights activists, educators, physicians, and politicians.

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